R 2.3.0 の変更点
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R 2.3.0 の変更点
[[オリジナル文書>http://cran.r-project.org/src/base/NEWS]]
#contents
*ユーザから見える変更
-~grid パッケージにおいて、grid.line.to() および grid.lin...
新しい 'arrow' 引数は 'name' および 'gp'、'vp' 引数の''前...
-all.equal() がより厳密になりました。詳しくは下記 bug fix...
o The data frame argument to transform() is no longer...
but '_data'. Since this is an invalid name, it is less ...
to clash with names given to transformed variables. (Peo...
were getting into trouble with transform(data, x=y+z).)
*新機能
-arima.sim() が新しい引数 'start.innov' を取るようになり...
o arrows() has been changed to be more similar to seg...
for example col=NA omits the arrow rather than as previo...
(undocumented) using par("col").
-as.list() が symbols も受け付けるようになりました（as.sy...
-atan2() が、1つの複素数と1つの数値を引数に取ることができ...
o The 'masked' warnings given by attach() and library...
warn for functions masking functions or non-functions ma...
non-functions.
-Date および POSIX[cl]t メソッドに新しい関数 Axis() が追...
o pbeta() now uses TOMS708 in all cases and so is mor...
in some (e.g. when lower.tail = FALSE and when one of the
shape parameters is very small).
- [qr]beta(), [qr]f() と [qr]t() は，非心パラメータを持つ...
o [rc]bind and some more cases of subassignment are i...
for raw matrices. (PR8529 and 8530)
o The number of lines of deparsed calls printed by br...
traceback() can be limited by the option "deparse.max.li...
(Wish of PR#8638.)
-新しい canCoerce() ユーティリティ関数が、パッケージ "met...
o [pq]chisq() are considerably more accurate for mode...
80) values of ncp, and lower.tail = FALSE is fully suppo...
in that region. (They are somewhat slower than before.)
o chol(pivot = TRUE) now gives a warning if used on a...
non-positive-definite matrix.
-chooseCRANmirror() が、(アクセス可能な場合) CRAN マスタ...
o cov.wt() is more efficient for 'cor = TRUE' and has...
argument which allows 'Maximum Likelihood'.
o do.call() gains an 'envir' argument.
o eigen() applied to an asymmetric real matrix now us...
tolerance to decide if the result is complex (rather than
expecting the imaginary parts of the eigenvalues to be e...
zero).
-PDF あるいは PostScript ファイルにフォントを埋め込む emb...
o fisher.test() now uses p-values computed via hyperg...
distributions for all 2 by 2 tables. This might be slig...
slower for a few cases, but works much better for tables...
some large counts.
There is a new option to simulate the p-value for larger...
2 x 2 tables.
o for() now supports raw vectors as the set of indices.
o getNativeSymbolInfo() is vectorized for the 'name' ...
returns a named list of NativeSymbolInfo objects, but is
backward compatible by default when called with a charac...
vector of length 1, returning the NativeSymbolInfo object.
o help.search() no longer attempts to handle packages...
prior to R 2.0.0, and reports the current path to the
package (rather than where it was originally installed: ...
information is not shown by the print() method).
o Added "hexmode" to parallel "octmode".
o install.packages() now does tilde expansion on file...
supplied as 'pkgs'.
o install.packages() has additional arguments 'config...
'clean' which allow the caller to provide additional arg...
to the underlying R CMD INSTALL shell command when insta...
source packages on a Unix-alike.
o is.loaded() has a new argument 'type' to confine th...
symbols for .C, .Fortran, .Call or .External: by default...
looks for a symbol which will match any of them. It is ...
internal and not primitive, so argument matching works i...
usual way.
o The symmetry test for matrices used in eigen() has ...
as the 'matrix' method of a new S3-generic 'isSymmetric().
o .leap.seconds and the internal adjustment code now ...
the 23rd leap second on 2005-12-31: the internal code us...
run-time test to see if the OS does.
o The 'col' argument of legend() now defaults to par(...
(which defaults to "black", the previous default), so that
the lines/symbols are shown in the legend in the colour ...
is used on the plot.
o log2() and log10() call C functions of the same nam...
available, and will then be more likely to be precise to
machine accuracy.
o new.packages() gains a ... argument to pass e.g. 'd...
install.packages(). (Wish of PR#8239.)
-nls() が 'weights' をサポートするようになりました。
o The vector passed as the first argument of the 'fn'...
arguments of optim() has the names (if any) given to arg...
'par'.
o options(expressions) is temporarily increased by 50...
error-handling. This enables e.g. traceback() to work ...
the error is reaching the limit on the nesting of expres...
o page() accepts general R objects, not just names (and
previously undocumented) character strings. This allows...
object to be specified as a call, for example. More opt...
are allowed in its '...' argument.
-pairs() が、より幅広いクラスを入力できるようになりました...
o par() and the in-line use of graphical parameters p...
informative error messages, distinguishing between
non-existent pars and inappropriate use of valid pars.
Graphical parameters 'family', 'lend', 'ljoin' and 'lmit...
can now be set in-line.
There is no longer a warning if non-settable pars are used
in-line, but there is an appropriate warning if unknown ...
are passed.
The length limit for the 'family' parameter has been inc...
to 200 bytes, to allow for the names of some CID-keyed f...
in multi-byte locales.
o The pdf() device now allows 'family' to be specifie...
generality as postscript().
o The pdf() device writes /FontDescriptor entries for...
except the base 14, and does not write font entries for ...
fonts.
o Plotmath allows 'vartheta', 'varphi' and 'varsigma'...
as synonyms for 'theta1', 'phi1' and 'sigma1', and the h...
page has a note for TeX users.
o plot.xy() now takes its default arguments from the
corresponding par() settings, so points(type="l") and
lines(type="p") behave in the same way (and more obvious...
also for type="b").
o poly() has a new argument 'raw', mainly for pedagog...
o The class "POSIXlt" now supports fractional seconds...
"POSIXct" has always done). The printing of fractional ...
is controlled by the new option "digits.secs", and by de...
-postscript() が family = "ComputerModernItalic" をサポー...
-postscript()/pdf() のフォントメトリックが、14種類の標準...
o The way families can be specified for postscript() ...
has been expanded to include CID-keyed fonts, with new
functions Type1Font() and CIDFont() to set up such fonts
families.
o prettyNum() has new arguments 'preserve.width' and ...
When the former is not "none", as in calls from format()...
formatC(), the resulting strings are kept at the desired...
when possible even after adding of 'big.mark' or 'small....
o proc.time() and system.time() now record times to 1...
where available (most Unix-like systems).
o The initialization methods for the quasi() family h...
changed to depend on the variance function, and in parti...
to work better for the "mu(1-mu)" variance function. (P...
o read.table() gains a 'flush' argument passed to sca...
o require() now takes a 'lib.loc' argument.
o The second argument 'size' to sample() is required ...
length 1, so that errors when supplying arguments are more
easily detected.
o The default is now compress = !ascii in save() (but...
o scan() and write.table() now have some interruptibi...
may be useful when processing very large files.
o A new heuristic test, seemsS4Object() is supplied, ...
similar C-level test, R_seemsS4Object(object). The test
detects probable S4 objects by their class's attribute. ...
the help page.
o S3 classes can now be made non-virtual S4 classes b...
prototype object in the arguments to setOldClass().
o splinefun() returns a function that now also has a ...
and can provide up to the 3rd derivative of the interpol...
spline, thanks to Berwin Turlach.
o stopifnot(A) now gives a better error message when ...
uses "not all TRUE" when A has length >= 2.
o str()'s default method has a new argument 'strict.w...
be used to produce strict 'width' conforming output. A ...
options(str = list(strict.width = *)) setting allows to ...
this for a whole session.
o summary.nls() has a new argument 'correlation' that...
to FALSE (like summary.lm).
o Sys.sleep() has sub-millisecond resolution on Unix-...
with gettimeofday().
o Sys.time() now has sub-millisecond accuracy on syst...
supporting the POSIX call gettimeofday, and clock-tick
accuracy on Windows.
o The new function timestamp() adds a time stamp to t...
command history on consoles which support it.
o New function tcrossprod() for efficiently computing...
and x %*% t(y).
o The suffix used by tempfile() is now in hex on all ...
and guaranteed to be at least 6 hex digits (usually 8).
o trace() now works more consistently and more like its
documentation, in particular the assertions about old tr...
being removed for new. For debugging purposes (of R) a
mechanism for debugging the trace computations themselve...
added. See trace.R.
o The implementation of trace() has beem made more ge...
calling a function to do the trace interaction, and reco...
now detects trace calls to trim the irrelevant code unde...
o unserialize() can now also read a byte stream from ...
o The useDynLib() directive in the NAMESPACE file now...
names of the native/foreign symbols that are to be resol...
the DLL for use in .C/.Call/.Fortran/.External calls. T...
can be used as regular R variables instead of the (routine
name, PACKAGE) pairs currently recommended. Alternative...
can be given for the R variables mapping to these symbols.
The native routine registration information can also be ...
directly via useDynLib(name, .registration = TRUE). See...
'Writing R Extensions' manual for more details.
checkFF() (package 'tools') has been updated accordingly.
o validObject() has an option complete=TRUE that recu...
checks the objects in the slots. Not used when new(...)
checks validity.
o New Vectorize() function, a wrapper for mapply().
o write.ftable() has gained an argument 'append = FAL...
Stephen Weigand).
o On Unix-alikes, X11() now has arguments to request ...
position of the window, and 'gamma' defaults to the valu...
getOptions("gamma"). These changes are consistent with ...
windows() device.
o X11() and the Unix-alike data entry window can have...
(including geometry) set by X resources: see their help ...
o xy.coords() & xyz.coords() now have NULL defaults f...
'y' and 'z' arguments. This is more consistent with thei...
documentation, and may be convenient for using them.
o Non-syntactic names of list elements are now printe...
backticks rather than double quotes.
o There is some basic checking for imminent C stack o...
the evaluation depth and the user interrupts are checked).
On systems with suitable OS support (not Windows), segfa...
from C stack overflow are caught and treated as an R err...
New function Cstack_info() reports on stack size and usa...
options(expressions) reverts to the default of 5000 ...
stack checking is in place.
o Package tcltk does not try to initialize Tk on Unix...
unless a DISPLAY variable is present. This allows packa...
dependent on tcltk to be installed without access to an ...
o The code used to guess timezone offsets where not s...
the OS uses a different algorithm that is more likely to...
the summer-time transitions correctly.
o Package tools contains translation tables 'Adobe_gl...
'charset_to_Unicode'.
o Changed the environment tree to be rooted in an empty
environment, available as emptyenv(). baseenv() has been
modified to return an environment with emptyenv() as par...
rather than NULL.
-gettext が 0.14.5 にアップデートされました。
-PCRE が 6.4 にアップデートされました．
o The method $.DLLInfo resolves the specified symbol ...
returning a NativeSymbolInfo object. Use [[ to access t...
values in the DLLInfo object.
o On systems with either vasprintf or both va_copy an...
which reports the size of buffer required, connections s...
gzfile() and bzfile() can now write arbitrarily long lin...
not just 100000 chars.
o The R session temporary directory is now set in C c...
the same algorithm whether or not the shell front-end is...
and on all platforms. This looks at environment variables
TMPDIR, TMP and TEMP in turn, and checks if they point t...
writable directory.
o Some of the classical tests put unnecessary restric...
LHS in the formula interface (e.g., t.test(x+y ~ g) was ...
allowed).
o On suitably equipped Unix-alike systems, segfaults,...
operations and bus errors are caught and there is a simple
error-handler which gives the user some choice as to wha...
do in interactive use. [Experimental.]
On Windows access violations and illegal instructions are
caught with a simple error handler. [Experimental.]
o Tracebacks now include calls such as .C/.Fortran/.C...
will help if errors occur in R code evaluated by compile...
and in tracebacks presented by the segfault etc handlers.
o Treatment of signature objects and method definitio...
been modified to give cleaner printing and more consiste...
the treatment of signatures. A sometimes useful utility,
methodSignatureMatrix(), is now exported.
o R refrains from printing a final EOL upon exiting t...
if the quiet flag is on and if the save action is known ...
is true for --slave).
*廃止および廃止予定
-atan() に 2 つの引数を取らせる、廃止予定で文書化もされて...
-write.table0() が廃止されました。write.table() を使って...
-format.char() が廃止されました。format.default() を使っ...
-長い間廃止予定だった (そしてもはや文書化されていない) R ...
-ソースから 'debian' サブディレクトリが削除されました。
-axis() および mtext() の 'vfont' 引数が削除されました。...
o The unused graphical parameter "type" has been remo...
invited confusion with the 'type' argument to default me...
of plot(), points() and lines().
o nlsMethod() and profiler() are no longer exported f...
namespace (and nlsMethod.plinear() is no longer register...
a method, as nlsMethod() was not generic).
o The re-named tcltk functions tkcmd, tkfile.tail, tk...
tkopen, tkclose, tkputs, tkread are now formally depreca...
-bxp() の引数 'col' が正式に廃止予定となりました。
-環境としての NULL の使用は削除予定となり、警告が出るよう...
-postscriptFont() は削除予定となり、Type1Font() の使用が...
o La.chol() and La.chol2inv() are deprecated (they ha...
1.7.0 been the same as the default options of chol() and...
-La.svd(method = "dgesvd") が廃止予定となりました。
o The use of install.R and R_PROFILE.R files in packa...
deprecated: use the DESCRIPTION file instead to arrange to
save an image or to load dependent packages.
The following command-line options to INSTALL are deprec...
(use the fields in the DESCRIPTION file instead):
-s --save --no-save --lazy --no-lazy --lazy-data --no-la...
-グラフィクスパラメータの 'tmag' (長い間使われていません)...
*国際化
中間栄治が提供したパッチ群が取り込まれました。
-Postscript のエンコーディングに CP1253、CP1257 および Gr...
o Support for East Asian CID-keyed fonts in pdf() and...
Although these usually contain Latin characters no accur...
AFMs are available and so CID-keyed fonts are intended o...
for use with CJK characters.
o Wide-character width functions wc[s]width are provi...
overcome problems found with OS-supplied ones (and those
previously used by R on Windows). This means that
double-width CJK characters are now supported on all
platforms. It seems that the width of some characters (...
not just CJK characters) depends on which CJK locale's f...
are in use and also on the OS.
Revised wide-character classification functions are
provided for use on Windows, AIX and MacOS X to replace
deficient OS-supplied ones.
o There is support for MBCS charsets in the pictex() g...
device, and rotated (by 90 degrees) text may work better.
o The \u (and \U except on Windows) notation for chara...
is supported by the parser in all MBCS charsets is now a...
interpreted as a Unicode point, even on platforms which ...
encode wchar_t in Unicode. These are now a syntax error...
single-byte locales.
o The default encoding for postscript() and pdf() is ...
be suitable for the current locale, if that is a single-...
locale which is supported. This covers European (includ...
Greek) and Cyrillic languages.
In UTF-8 locales, a suitable single-byte encoding is cho...
for postscript() and pdf(), and text translated to it.
-xfig() が 'encoding' 引数を取るようになりました。
-一部のメッセージがスペイン語に翻訳されました。
*インストールに関する変更
-pdf()/postscript() 用のエンコーディングファイルが 'grDev...
o Support for MBCS is only enabled if iconv is found ...
supports enough conversions. (libiconv does.)
o In an MBCS locale, make check now translates the gr...
examples from Latin-1. This ensures that they will work
correctly in UTF-8: it is possible that in other MBCS lo...
they will now fail (rather than work completely incorrec...
o There is a new test, 'test-Docs', which as part of ...
check-devel' tests the code in the documentation. Curre...
it runs doc/manual/R-{exts,intro}.R and the compiled cod...
R-exts.c.
o The workaround to allow an external LAPACK-containi...
such as libsunperf to be used with the internal LAPACK has
been removed. If you have such a library you may now need
to use --with-lapack. It is no longer possible to use s...
older versions of libsunperf, e.g. Forte 7 on 64-bit bui...
o A substitute for mkdtemp is provided, so it is now ...
used for R_TempDir.
o Most of the functions checked for by 'configure' al...
declarations checked for in the appropriate header.
o The top-level documentation files AUTHORS COPYING.L...
FAQ RESOURCES THANKS have been moved to doc, and COPYING...
are installed there. The file Y2K has been removed from...
distribution.
o The extension .lo is no longer used in building R (...
the optional build of libRmath.so): this allows a consid...
simplification of the Makefiles.
o Direct support for f2c has been removed: it can sti...
via a script which makes it look like a Fortran compiler.
(src/scripts/f77_f2c is an example of such a script.)
o There is a new flag SAFE_FFLAGS which is used for the
compilation of dlamc.f. It is set by configure for known
problem cases (recent g77 and gfortran), but can be over...
by the user.
o The standard autoconf macros for large-file support...
and these are enabled unless --disable-largefile is spec...
This replaces --enable-linux-lfs (and is now selected by...
o Visibility attributes are used where supported (gcc...
some platforms, also gcc3/g77 on FC3 and partially elsew...
The main benefit should be faster loading (and perhaps b...
optimized code) in some of the dynamic shared objects (e...
libR.so and stats.so).
o The *PICFLAGS are taken to be -fpic rather than -fP...
possible. This will make no difference on most platfor...
-fPIC is needed on Sparc (and still used there), but -fpic
should give slightly better performance on PowerPC (alth...
-fPIC is used on PPC64 as it is needed to build libR.so ...
o More use is made of inlining for small utility func...
as isReal. Because this can only be done portably with ...
constructs (and we know of no actual implementation), th...
only done for the GNU C compiler.
o There is an experimental feature to allow shared in...
of sub-architectures. See the R-admin manual.
o All platforms now use R's internal implementation o...
which allows fractional seconds. (The major platforms w...
already using it.)
o The dlcompat work-around for old Mac OS X systems (...
has been removed. External dlcompat must be installed i...
*ユーティリティ
-R CMD check がデフォルトでインストールログを利用するよう...
o R CMD check works for packages whose package name i...
from the directory name in which it is located.
o R CMD INSTALL now uses more randomness in the tempo...
directory name even on systems without mktemp -d.
-f2c はもはやサポートされなくなったので、R CMD f77 は削除...
o The version string shown in the startup message and...
"R --version", and that stored in variable R.version.str...
are now in exactly the same format.
o The base name of a help file needs to be valid as p...
URL, so R CMD check now checks the names are ASCII and d...
contain % .
o R CMD check now warns about unknown sections in Rd ...
invalid names for help, demo and R files, as well as unl...
file names in the 'src' directory. The latter is contro...
by option --check-subdirs and by default is done if chec...
tarball without a configure script.
R CMD build excludes invalid files in the 'man', 'R' and...
subdirectories.
o \usepackage[noae]{Sweave} in the header of an Sweav...
supresses auto-usage of the ae package ("almost European"
fonts) and T1 input encoding.
*DOCUMENTATION
-Rd フォーマットで、\code{} および \examples{} 内での \va...
o Markup such as --, ---, < and > is handled better w...
converting .Rd files to [C]HTML.
o There is new markup \link[=dest]{name} to generate ...
'dest' which is shown as 'name', and \linkS4class{abc} w...
expands to \link[=abc-class]{abc}, for cross-referencing...
recommended form of documentation for S4 classes.
*パッケージのインストール
o There is now some support for Fortran 90/95 code in...
see `Writing R Extensions'.
o Installation of man sources and demos is now done b...
The restrictions on the names of help files, R files and
of demos are now enforced (see `Writing R Extensions').
o Packages which contain compiled code can now have m...
one dot in their name even on Windows.
o The Meta/hsearch.rds database saved now contains Li...
This information is now always recreated when help.searc...
run, but the field is retained for back-compatibility.
o update.packages() now has a '...' argument to be pa...
install.packages(), including the formerly separate argu...
'destdir' and 'installWithVers'.
o Make macros AR and RANLIB are now declared in etc/M...
use by packages which wish to make static libraries.
* C レベルの機能
o qgamma and rgamma in Rmath.h now check for non-posi...
o The BLAS which ships with R now contains the comple...
double-complex BLAS routines, rather than just those use...
<R_ext/BLAS.h> has been corrected to add the missing
double-precision BLAS functions drotmg and drotm, and to
exclude lsame (which is a Lapack auxiliary function and ...
declared in <R_ext/Lapack.h>). It also includes the double
complex routines added for this release of R provided Fo...
doublecomplex is usable on the platform.
o <R_ext/BLAS.h> and <R_ext/Lapack.h> now declare all...
points as 'extern'.
o The flag SAFE_FFLAGS is made available to packages ...
etc/Makeconf and R CMD config. It can be used where
optimization needs to be defeated, e.g. in LAPACK setup.
o getNativeSymbolInfo has a withRegistrationInfo argu...
causes the address field to be a reference to the regist...
information if it is available for that symbol. If the
registration information is not available, the address i...
reference to the native symbol. The default is FALSE whi...
backward compatible, returning just the address of the s...
and ignoring registration information.
o errorcall and warningcall are now declared in <Rint...
(they might be needed in front-ends).
o R_FlushConsole and R_ProcessEvents are now declared...
o The R_Sock* functions supporting socket connections...
longer declared in R-ftp-http.h as they are not loaded i...
itself, and are now hidden in the module's DLL on suitab...
*バグフィックス
o Quoted arguments to the R script after --args are now
passed quoted to the R executable and so will be shown as
expected by commandArgs(). (They were previously split at
whitespace even inside quotes on Unix-alikes but not on
Windows.)
o axis() now supports pars 'xaxp'/'yaxp' as inline ar...
o sort() now does not return inappropriate attributes...
"dim" and "tsp": it only returns names.
sort(x, partial=) no longer returns unsorted names, and ...
names (since it is supplied for efficiency).
o Use of non-central F in pf() gives accurate values ...
o R CMD build --binary does a better job of cleaning ...
failure to re-make vignettes.
o reg-test-1.R tested system(intern=TRUE) which depen...
and so is not supported on all platforms.
o Changed apparent mis-spelling of "Gibraltar" in dat...
o sysconf() is now used to find the number of clock t...
under some circumstances glibc reported CLK_TCK = 60 whe...
true value was 100.
o identical() was not allowing for embedded nuls in c...
strings. (NB: the comparison operators including == do n...
and never will.)
o The profile() and profiler() methods for "nls" obje...
support algorithm = "plinear" and algorithm = "port".
o The signal handlers for signals USR1 and USR2 where...
restored if the signal arrived when interrupts were susp...
o Certain combinations of S4 inheritance could cause ...
methods to override some directly specified methods.
o Some cases of named signatures in calls to setMetho...
o all.equal() is now more consistent and "picky" abou...
attributes, in particular names(); this is a part of the
propositions by Andy Piskorkski (PR#8191).
o load() when applied to a connection leaves it open/...
found it, and checks explicitly for having a binary read...
connection.
o The p-values given by stat.anova() (called from sev...
anova() methods) are now NA (rather than spurious) if
non-nested models give rise to changes in deviance with a
different sign from changes in degrees of freedom.
o Built-ins were reported as the relevant call in C-l...
iff R profiling was in progress. Now they are never rep...
o Too-long signatures (with no names) were not being ...
in setMethod().
o Slot names in prototype() are being more thoroughly...
o signif() is more likely to follow the 'round to eve...
exactly representable numbers, e.g. signif(0.25, 1). (R...
to PR#8452.)
o nls() now works correctly with some low-dimensional...
e.g. with one or zero non-linear parameters.
o glm() could give an inappropriate error message if ...
possible coefficients were invalid (e.g. a log-linear bi...
model with no intercept and a not all positive predictor).
o solve() gives clearer error messages for some incor...
(PR#8494 and similar)
o The gaussian() family was missing the 'valideta' co...
(which could be needed for the "inverse" link function).
The starting values supplied by the gaussian family coul...
invalid for the "log" and "inverse" link functions. Thi...
now reported.
o data.matrix() did not work correctly on zero-row da...
(PR#8496 and other problems.)
o The DSC comments in the files from postscript(onefi...
label all files as having page 1 of 1, as some other sof...
seems to expect that.
o The axis labels chosen for logarithmic axis are now...
likely to be linear and inappropriate (when the range is...
than 10 and less than 100). (PR#1235)
o Staircase lines (types "s" and "S") are now drawn
continuously rather than a point at a time and so line t...
mitring and so on work. (PR#2630)
o Calling par(mfg) before doing any plotting resulted...
never being called on the device, which in turn resulted...
incorrect output for postcript() and pdf() devices. (Re...
by Marc Schwartz in discussion of the non-bug PR#7820.)
o terms.formula needed to add parentheses to formulae...
terms containing '|'. (PR#8462)
o pbirthday() and qbirthday() now also work for very ...
events {those you are typically *not* interested in}.
o Only source help files starting with an upper- or l...
letter or digit and extension .Rd or .rd are documented ...
processed. This is more liberal in that starting with a...
is now also allowed, but rule is now enforced.
o nls(algorthm="port") was always taking positive num...
differences and so could exceed the upper bounds.
o methods:::.asEnvironmentPackage() was not allowing ...
versioned installs.
o .find.package() now reports which package(s) it can...
the case it stops with an error.
o The standard Unix-alike version of file.show() give...
informative message if it cannot open a file rather than...
(possibly incorrect) 'NO FILE'.
o window() did not allow non-overlapping ranges with
extend = TRUE. (PR#8545)
o pbinom(size = 0) now returns correct values (not Na...
o [dp]binom(x, *) for x < 0 now always returns 0. (PR...
analogous change in pgeom(), pnbinom() and ppois().
o [dqpr]geom and [dpqr]nbinom() now all consistently ...
but not prob = 0. qgeom(prob=1) now gives the correct v...
(not -1).
o INSTALL on Unix-alikes was not loading dependent pa...
preparing for lazy-loading.
o qcauchy(1) now gives +Inf instead of just a very la...
o df(0, f1, *) now properly returns Inf, 1, or 0 for ...
o qbinom(), qnbinom() and qpois() now use a better se...
normally reach the answer very quickly when it is large
(instead of being slow or infinite-looping).
o pt(x, df) lost accuracy in the far tails (when |x| ...
small df (like df = 0.001 for which such extremes are no...
o dbeta(x, a, b) underflowed internally and incorrect...
for very small x and a.
o None of the warnings about convergence failures or ...
precision in nmath (distribution and special functions) ...
being reported to the R user.
o dnt was missing from standalone nmath (under Unix-a...
o split() now accepts factors with numeric (but not s...
integer) codes.
o The utilities such as 'check' now report active ver...
again, as SVN 'last changed revision' numbers.
o addmargins() did not accept a name for 'FUN', only ...
o '+' for POSIXt objects now takes the tzone from whi...
object has it, so date+x is the same as x+date if x is n...
o mean.default() and var() compute means with an addi...
and so are often more accurate, e.g. the variance of a
constant vector is (almost) always zero and the mean of ...
vector will be equal to the constant value to machine
precision. (PR#1228)
sum(), prod(), mean(), rowSums() and friends use a long ...
accumulator where available and so may be more accurate....
is particularly helpful on systems such as Sparc and AMD64
where long double gives considerably greater exponent ra...
and precision than double.)
o read.dcf() now gives a warning on malformed lines.
o add1.[g]lm now try harder to use the environment of...
formula in the orginal fit to look for objects such as the
'data' and 'subset' arguments.
o gaussian()$aic was inconsistent with e.g. the lm re...
AIC() and extractAIC() for weighted fits: it treated the...
as case weights and not variance factors.
o system() on Unix-alikes ignored non-logical values ...
treated 'intern = NA' as true.
o as.table() now produces non-NA rownames when conver...
matrix of more than 26 rows. (PR#8652)
o Partial sorting used an algorithm that was intended...
few values of 'partial' and so could be far slower than ...
sort. It now switches to a barebones full sort for more...
10 values of 'partial' and uses a more efficient recursive
implementation for 2...10.
o summary.glm() returned an estimate of dispersion of...
gaussian glm with zero residual degrees of freedom and t...
treated that as a known value. It now uses the estimate ...
which is consistent with summary.lm().
o Sys.sleep() on Unix-alikes was restricted to about ...
and otherwise might never have returned. (PR#8678)
o is(obj, Cl) could wrongly report TRUE when Cl was a...
multiple inheritance was involved.
o confint[.lm / .default] used label "100 %" for leve...
o Empty entries (i.e., extraneous ",") in NAMESPACE f...
a better error message early at parsing time instead of ...
comprehensible one later at load time.
o all.equal(n1, n2) could erroneously return NA when ...
contained large integers.
o anova.mlm() didn't handle multi-df effects properly...
single-model case (PR#8679)
o anova.mlm() had its colnames mangled by data.frame(...
check.names=FALSE).
o summary.glm() gave an NA estimate of dispersion for...
zero weights. (PR#8720)
o qhyper() had too small a tolerance for right-contin...
some platforms so was not always an inverse to phyper().
o rownames<-.data.frame() and dimnames<-.data.frame()...
length(s) of the replacement value(s) before coercion, w...
can change the length (e.g. for class "POSIXlt").
o max() and min() ignored the largest/smallest repres...
integer, as well as Inf/-Inf. (PR#8731)
o write.table() assumed factors had integer codes: it...
malformed factors with numeric codes (and otherwise thro...
error).
o Worked around a Solaris restriction which meant that
Sys.sleep() was only effective for times of up to one se...
o sink(, split=TRUE) now works correctly, but is al...
platforms that support va_copy or __va_copy. (PR...
o factanal(), prcomp() and princomp() now only check ...
in the model frame that will be used are numeric (they
previously also checked columns which were part of negat...
in the formula).
o Misuse of $ in apply could corrupt memory. (PR#8...
o apply() could fail if the function returned NULL (e...
there was a single row).
o registerS3method() failed due to a typo. (It was al...
used.)
o Registering an S3 method for an S3 generic in anoth...
that was converted to an S4 generic in the same package ...
S3 method, registered the method in the wrong place.
o Recall() used lookup for the function in use and so...
if that was an S3 method not on the search path.
o Rdconv -t Ssgm failed if it encountered \link[opt]{...
o uniroot() did not give a warning (as documented) if...
to converge in 'maxiter' steps. (PR#8751)
o eapply (and as.list.environment) did not work for t...
environment/namespace. (PR#8761)
o Added protection in configure against systems for w...
xmkmf fails to eport a C or C++ compiler.
o expand.grid() was constructing a data frame 'by han...
setting integer row.names (which are documented to be
character). It now sets character row names, and
row.names.data.frame() coerces to character.
o qbeta() used == on volatile doubles for its converg...
which failed with gcc 3.3.x on ix86 Linux. We now use a...
fragile test (and lose a negligible amount of accuracy).
o ls.str() was missing inherits=FALSE, and so could h...
reported on an object of the same name but a different m...
the enclosure of the given environment.
o logLik.nls assumed that sigma^2 had been estimated,...
not count this in the 'df' attribute.
// EOF
終了行:
R 2.3.0 の変更点
[[オリジナル文書>http://cran.r-project.org/src/base/NEWS]]
#contents
*ユーザから見える変更
-~grid パッケージにおいて、grid.line.to() および grid.lin...
新しい 'arrow' 引数は 'name' および 'gp'、'vp' 引数の''前...
-all.equal() がより厳密になりました。詳しくは下記 bug fix...
o The data frame argument to transform() is no longer...
but '_data'. Since this is an invalid name, it is less ...
to clash with names given to transformed variables. (Peo...
were getting into trouble with transform(data, x=y+z).)
*新機能
-arima.sim() が新しい引数 'start.innov' を取るようになり...
o arrows() has been changed to be more similar to seg...
for example col=NA omits the arrow rather than as previo...
(undocumented) using par("col").
-as.list() が symbols も受け付けるようになりました（as.sy...
-atan2() が、1つの複素数と1つの数値を引数に取ることができ...
o The 'masked' warnings given by attach() and library...
warn for functions masking functions or non-functions ma...
non-functions.
-Date および POSIX[cl]t メソッドに新しい関数 Axis() が追...
o pbeta() now uses TOMS708 in all cases and so is mor...
in some (e.g. when lower.tail = FALSE and when one of the
shape parameters is very small).
- [qr]beta(), [qr]f() と [qr]t() は，非心パラメータを持つ...
o [rc]bind and some more cases of subassignment are i...
for raw matrices. (PR8529 and 8530)
o The number of lines of deparsed calls printed by br...
traceback() can be limited by the option "deparse.max.li...
(Wish of PR#8638.)
-新しい canCoerce() ユーティリティ関数が、パッケージ "met...
o [pq]chisq() are considerably more accurate for mode...
80) values of ncp, and lower.tail = FALSE is fully suppo...
in that region. (They are somewhat slower than before.)
o chol(pivot = TRUE) now gives a warning if used on a...
non-positive-definite matrix.
-chooseCRANmirror() が、(アクセス可能な場合) CRAN マスタ...
o cov.wt() is more efficient for 'cor = TRUE' and has...
argument which allows 'Maximum Likelihood'.
o do.call() gains an 'envir' argument.
o eigen() applied to an asymmetric real matrix now us...
tolerance to decide if the result is complex (rather than
expecting the imaginary parts of the eigenvalues to be e...
zero).
-PDF あるいは PostScript ファイルにフォントを埋め込む emb...
o fisher.test() now uses p-values computed via hyperg...
distributions for all 2 by 2 tables. This might be slig...
slower for a few cases, but works much better for tables...
some large counts.
There is a new option to simulate the p-value for larger...
2 x 2 tables.
o for() now supports raw vectors as the set of indices.
o getNativeSymbolInfo() is vectorized for the 'name' ...
returns a named list of NativeSymbolInfo objects, but is
backward compatible by default when called with a charac...
vector of length 1, returning the NativeSymbolInfo object.
o help.search() no longer attempts to handle packages...
prior to R 2.0.0, and reports the current path to the
package (rather than where it was originally installed: ...
information is not shown by the print() method).
o Added "hexmode" to parallel "octmode".
o install.packages() now does tilde expansion on file...
supplied as 'pkgs'.
o install.packages() has additional arguments 'config...
'clean' which allow the caller to provide additional arg...
to the underlying R CMD INSTALL shell command when insta...
source packages on a Unix-alike.
o is.loaded() has a new argument 'type' to confine th...
symbols for .C, .Fortran, .Call or .External: by default...
looks for a symbol which will match any of them. It is ...
internal and not primitive, so argument matching works i...
usual way.
o The symmetry test for matrices used in eigen() has ...
as the 'matrix' method of a new S3-generic 'isSymmetric().
o .leap.seconds and the internal adjustment code now ...
the 23rd leap second on 2005-12-31: the internal code us...
run-time test to see if the OS does.
o The 'col' argument of legend() now defaults to par(...
(which defaults to "black", the previous default), so that
the lines/symbols are shown in the legend in the colour ...
is used on the plot.
o log2() and log10() call C functions of the same nam...
available, and will then be more likely to be precise to
machine accuracy.
o new.packages() gains a ... argument to pass e.g. 'd...
install.packages(). (Wish of PR#8239.)
-nls() が 'weights' をサポートするようになりました。
o The vector passed as the first argument of the 'fn'...
arguments of optim() has the names (if any) given to arg...
'par'.
o options(expressions) is temporarily increased by 50...
error-handling. This enables e.g. traceback() to work ...
the error is reaching the limit on the nesting of expres...
o page() accepts general R objects, not just names (and
previously undocumented) character strings. This allows...
object to be specified as a call, for example. More opt...
are allowed in its '...' argument.
-pairs() が、より幅広いクラスを入力できるようになりました...
o par() and the in-line use of graphical parameters p...
informative error messages, distinguishing between
non-existent pars and inappropriate use of valid pars.
Graphical parameters 'family', 'lend', 'ljoin' and 'lmit...
can now be set in-line.
There is no longer a warning if non-settable pars are used
in-line, but there is an appropriate warning if unknown ...
are passed.
The length limit for the 'family' parameter has been inc...
to 200 bytes, to allow for the names of some CID-keyed f...
in multi-byte locales.
o The pdf() device now allows 'family' to be specifie...
generality as postscript().
o The pdf() device writes /FontDescriptor entries for...
except the base 14, and does not write font entries for ...
fonts.
o Plotmath allows 'vartheta', 'varphi' and 'varsigma'...
as synonyms for 'theta1', 'phi1' and 'sigma1', and the h...
page has a note for TeX users.
o plot.xy() now takes its default arguments from the
corresponding par() settings, so points(type="l") and
lines(type="p") behave in the same way (and more obvious...
also for type="b").
o poly() has a new argument 'raw', mainly for pedagog...
o The class "POSIXlt" now supports fractional seconds...
"POSIXct" has always done). The printing of fractional ...
is controlled by the new option "digits.secs", and by de...
-postscript() が family = "ComputerModernItalic" をサポー...
-postscript()/pdf() のフォントメトリックが、14種類の標準...
o The way families can be specified for postscript() ...
has been expanded to include CID-keyed fonts, with new
functions Type1Font() and CIDFont() to set up such fonts
families.
o prettyNum() has new arguments 'preserve.width' and ...
When the former is not "none", as in calls from format()...
formatC(), the resulting strings are kept at the desired...
when possible even after adding of 'big.mark' or 'small....
o proc.time() and system.time() now record times to 1...
where available (most Unix-like systems).
o The initialization methods for the quasi() family h...
changed to depend on the variance function, and in parti...
to work better for the "mu(1-mu)" variance function. (P...
o read.table() gains a 'flush' argument passed to sca...
o require() now takes a 'lib.loc' argument.
o The second argument 'size' to sample() is required ...
length 1, so that errors when supplying arguments are more
easily detected.
o The default is now compress = !ascii in save() (but...
o scan() and write.table() now have some interruptibi...
may be useful when processing very large files.
o A new heuristic test, seemsS4Object() is supplied, ...
similar C-level test, R_seemsS4Object(object). The test
detects probable S4 objects by their class's attribute. ...
the help page.
o S3 classes can now be made non-virtual S4 classes b...
prototype object in the arguments to setOldClass().
o splinefun() returns a function that now also has a ...
and can provide up to the 3rd derivative of the interpol...
spline, thanks to Berwin Turlach.
o stopifnot(A) now gives a better error message when ...
uses "not all TRUE" when A has length >= 2.
o str()'s default method has a new argument 'strict.w...
be used to produce strict 'width' conforming output. A ...
options(str = list(strict.width = *)) setting allows to ...
this for a whole session.
o summary.nls() has a new argument 'correlation' that...
to FALSE (like summary.lm).
o Sys.sleep() has sub-millisecond resolution on Unix-...
with gettimeofday().
o Sys.time() now has sub-millisecond accuracy on syst...
supporting the POSIX call gettimeofday, and clock-tick
accuracy on Windows.
o The new function timestamp() adds a time stamp to t...
command history on consoles which support it.
o New function tcrossprod() for efficiently computing...
and x %*% t(y).
o The suffix used by tempfile() is now in hex on all ...
and guaranteed to be at least 6 hex digits (usually 8).
o trace() now works more consistently and more like its
documentation, in particular the assertions about old tr...
being removed for new. For debugging purposes (of R) a
mechanism for debugging the trace computations themselve...
added. See trace.R.
o The implementation of trace() has beem made more ge...
calling a function to do the trace interaction, and reco...
now detects trace calls to trim the irrelevant code unde...
o unserialize() can now also read a byte stream from ...
o The useDynLib() directive in the NAMESPACE file now...
names of the native/foreign symbols that are to be resol...
the DLL for use in .C/.Call/.Fortran/.External calls. T...
can be used as regular R variables instead of the (routine
name, PACKAGE) pairs currently recommended. Alternative...
can be given for the R variables mapping to these symbols.
The native routine registration information can also be ...
directly via useDynLib(name, .registration = TRUE). See...
'Writing R Extensions' manual for more details.
checkFF() (package 'tools') has been updated accordingly.
o validObject() has an option complete=TRUE that recu...
checks the objects in the slots. Not used when new(...)
checks validity.
o New Vectorize() function, a wrapper for mapply().
o write.ftable() has gained an argument 'append = FAL...
Stephen Weigand).
o On Unix-alikes, X11() now has arguments to request ...
position of the window, and 'gamma' defaults to the valu...
getOptions("gamma"). These changes are consistent with ...
windows() device.
o X11() and the Unix-alike data entry window can have...
(including geometry) set by X resources: see their help ...
o xy.coords() & xyz.coords() now have NULL defaults f...
'y' and 'z' arguments. This is more consistent with thei...
documentation, and may be convenient for using them.
o Non-syntactic names of list elements are now printe...
backticks rather than double quotes.
o There is some basic checking for imminent C stack o...
the evaluation depth and the user interrupts are checked).
On systems with suitable OS support (not Windows), segfa...
from C stack overflow are caught and treated as an R err...
New function Cstack_info() reports on stack size and usa...
options(expressions) reverts to the default of 5000 ...
stack checking is in place.
o Package tcltk does not try to initialize Tk on Unix...
unless a DISPLAY variable is present. This allows packa...
dependent on tcltk to be installed without access to an ...
o The code used to guess timezone offsets where not s...
the OS uses a different algorithm that is more likely to...
the summer-time transitions correctly.
o Package tools contains translation tables 'Adobe_gl...
'charset_to_Unicode'.
o Changed the environment tree to be rooted in an empty
environment, available as emptyenv(). baseenv() has been
modified to return an environment with emptyenv() as par...
rather than NULL.
-gettext が 0.14.5 にアップデートされました。
-PCRE が 6.4 にアップデートされました．
o The method $.DLLInfo resolves the specified symbol ...
returning a NativeSymbolInfo object. Use [[ to access t...
values in the DLLInfo object.
o On systems with either vasprintf or both va_copy an...
which reports the size of buffer required, connections s...
gzfile() and bzfile() can now write arbitrarily long lin...
not just 100000 chars.
o The R session temporary directory is now set in C c...
the same algorithm whether or not the shell front-end is...
and on all platforms. This looks at environment variables
TMPDIR, TMP and TEMP in turn, and checks if they point t...
writable directory.
o Some of the classical tests put unnecessary restric...
LHS in the formula interface (e.g., t.test(x+y ~ g) was ...
allowed).
o On suitably equipped Unix-alike systems, segfaults,...
operations and bus errors are caught and there is a simple
error-handler which gives the user some choice as to wha...
do in interactive use. [Experimental.]
On Windows access violations and illegal instructions are
caught with a simple error handler. [Experimental.]
o Tracebacks now include calls such as .C/.Fortran/.C...
will help if errors occur in R code evaluated by compile...
and in tracebacks presented by the segfault etc handlers.
o Treatment of signature objects and method definitio...
been modified to give cleaner printing and more consiste...
the treatment of signatures. A sometimes useful utility,
methodSignatureMatrix(), is now exported.
o R refrains from printing a final EOL upon exiting t...
if the quiet flag is on and if the save action is known ...
is true for --slave).
*廃止および廃止予定
-atan() に 2 つの引数を取らせる、廃止予定で文書化もされて...
-write.table0() が廃止されました。write.table() を使って...
-format.char() が廃止されました。format.default() を使っ...
-長い間廃止予定だった (そしてもはや文書化されていない) R ...
-ソースから 'debian' サブディレクトリが削除されました。
-axis() および mtext() の 'vfont' 引数が削除されました。...
o The unused graphical parameter "type" has been remo...
invited confusion with the 'type' argument to default me...
of plot(), points() and lines().
o nlsMethod() and profiler() are no longer exported f...
namespace (and nlsMethod.plinear() is no longer register...
a method, as nlsMethod() was not generic).
o The re-named tcltk functions tkcmd, tkfile.tail, tk...
tkopen, tkclose, tkputs, tkread are now formally depreca...
-bxp() の引数 'col' が正式に廃止予定となりました。
-環境としての NULL の使用は削除予定となり、警告が出るよう...
-postscriptFont() は削除予定となり、Type1Font() の使用が...
o La.chol() and La.chol2inv() are deprecated (they ha...
1.7.0 been the same as the default options of chol() and...
-La.svd(method = "dgesvd") が廃止予定となりました。
o The use of install.R and R_PROFILE.R files in packa...
deprecated: use the DESCRIPTION file instead to arrange to
save an image or to load dependent packages.
The following command-line options to INSTALL are deprec...
(use the fields in the DESCRIPTION file instead):
-s --save --no-save --lazy --no-lazy --lazy-data --no-la...
-グラフィクスパラメータの 'tmag' (長い間使われていません)...
*国際化
中間栄治が提供したパッチ群が取り込まれました。
-Postscript のエンコーディングに CP1253、CP1257 および Gr...
o Support for East Asian CID-keyed fonts in pdf() and...
Although these usually contain Latin characters no accur...
AFMs are available and so CID-keyed fonts are intended o...
for use with CJK characters.
o Wide-character width functions wc[s]width are provi...
overcome problems found with OS-supplied ones (and those
previously used by R on Windows). This means that
double-width CJK characters are now supported on all
platforms. It seems that the width of some characters (...
not just CJK characters) depends on which CJK locale's f...
are in use and also on the OS.
Revised wide-character classification functions are
provided for use on Windows, AIX and MacOS X to replace
deficient OS-supplied ones.
o There is support for MBCS charsets in the pictex() g...
device, and rotated (by 90 degrees) text may work better.
o The \u (and \U except on Windows) notation for chara...
is supported by the parser in all MBCS charsets is now a...
interpreted as a Unicode point, even on platforms which ...
encode wchar_t in Unicode. These are now a syntax error...
single-byte locales.
o The default encoding for postscript() and pdf() is ...
be suitable for the current locale, if that is a single-...
locale which is supported. This covers European (includ...
Greek) and Cyrillic languages.
In UTF-8 locales, a suitable single-byte encoding is cho...
for postscript() and pdf(), and text translated to it.
-xfig() が 'encoding' 引数を取るようになりました。
-一部のメッセージがスペイン語に翻訳されました。
*インストールに関する変更
-pdf()/postscript() 用のエンコーディングファイルが 'grDev...
o Support for MBCS is only enabled if iconv is found ...
supports enough conversions. (libiconv does.)
o In an MBCS locale, make check now translates the gr...
examples from Latin-1. This ensures that they will work
correctly in UTF-8: it is possible that in other MBCS lo...
they will now fail (rather than work completely incorrec...
o There is a new test, 'test-Docs', which as part of ...
check-devel' tests the code in the documentation. Curre...
it runs doc/manual/R-{exts,intro}.R and the compiled cod...
R-exts.c.
o The workaround to allow an external LAPACK-containi...
such as libsunperf to be used with the internal LAPACK has
been removed. If you have such a library you may now need
to use --with-lapack. It is no longer possible to use s...
older versions of libsunperf, e.g. Forte 7 on 64-bit bui...
o A substitute for mkdtemp is provided, so it is now ...
used for R_TempDir.
o Most of the functions checked for by 'configure' al...
declarations checked for in the appropriate header.
o The top-level documentation files AUTHORS COPYING.L...
FAQ RESOURCES THANKS have been moved to doc, and COPYING...
are installed there. The file Y2K has been removed from...
distribution.
o The extension .lo is no longer used in building R (...
the optional build of libRmath.so): this allows a consid...
simplification of the Makefiles.
o Direct support for f2c has been removed: it can sti...
via a script which makes it look like a Fortran compiler.
(src/scripts/f77_f2c is an example of such a script.)
o There is a new flag SAFE_FFLAGS which is used for the
compilation of dlamc.f. It is set by configure for known
problem cases (recent g77 and gfortran), but can be over...
by the user.
o The standard autoconf macros for large-file support...
and these are enabled unless --disable-largefile is spec...
This replaces --enable-linux-lfs (and is now selected by...
o Visibility attributes are used where supported (gcc...
some platforms, also gcc3/g77 on FC3 and partially elsew...
The main benefit should be faster loading (and perhaps b...
optimized code) in some of the dynamic shared objects (e...
libR.so and stats.so).
o The *PICFLAGS are taken to be -fpic rather than -fP...
possible. This will make no difference on most platfor...
-fPIC is needed on Sparc (and still used there), but -fpic
should give slightly better performance on PowerPC (alth...
-fPIC is used on PPC64 as it is needed to build libR.so ...
o More use is made of inlining for small utility func...
as isReal. Because this can only be done portably with ...
constructs (and we know of no actual implementation), th...
only done for the GNU C compiler.
o There is an experimental feature to allow shared in...
of sub-architectures. See the R-admin manual.
o All platforms now use R's internal implementation o...
which allows fractional seconds. (The major platforms w...
already using it.)
o The dlcompat work-around for old Mac OS X systems (...
has been removed. External dlcompat must be installed i...
*ユーティリティ
-R CMD check がデフォルトでインストールログを利用するよう...
o R CMD check works for packages whose package name i...
from the directory name in which it is located.
o R CMD INSTALL now uses more randomness in the tempo...
directory name even on systems without mktemp -d.
-f2c はもはやサポートされなくなったので、R CMD f77 は削除...
o The version string shown in the startup message and...
"R --version", and that stored in variable R.version.str...
are now in exactly the same format.
o The base name of a help file needs to be valid as p...
URL, so R CMD check now checks the names are ASCII and d...
contain % .
o R CMD check now warns about unknown sections in Rd ...
invalid names for help, demo and R files, as well as unl...
file names in the 'src' directory. The latter is contro...
by option --check-subdirs and by default is done if chec...
tarball without a configure script.
R CMD build excludes invalid files in the 'man', 'R' and...
subdirectories.
o \usepackage[noae]{Sweave} in the header of an Sweav...
supresses auto-usage of the ae package ("almost European"
fonts) and T1 input encoding.
*DOCUMENTATION
-Rd フォーマットで、\code{} および \examples{} 内での \va...
o Markup such as --, ---, < and > is handled better w...
converting .Rd files to [C]HTML.
o There is new markup \link[=dest]{name} to generate ...
'dest' which is shown as 'name', and \linkS4class{abc} w...
expands to \link[=abc-class]{abc}, for cross-referencing...
recommended form of documentation for S4 classes.
*パッケージのインストール
o There is now some support for Fortran 90/95 code in...
see `Writing R Extensions'.
o Installation of man sources and demos is now done b...
The restrictions on the names of help files, R files and
of demos are now enforced (see `Writing R Extensions').
o Packages which contain compiled code can now have m...
one dot in their name even on Windows.
o The Meta/hsearch.rds database saved now contains Li...
This information is now always recreated when help.searc...
run, but the field is retained for back-compatibility.
o update.packages() now has a '...' argument to be pa...
install.packages(), including the formerly separate argu...
'destdir' and 'installWithVers'.
o Make macros AR and RANLIB are now declared in etc/M...
use by packages which wish to make static libraries.
* C レベルの機能
o qgamma and rgamma in Rmath.h now check for non-posi...
o The BLAS which ships with R now contains the comple...
double-complex BLAS routines, rather than just those use...
<R_ext/BLAS.h> has been corrected to add the missing
double-precision BLAS functions drotmg and drotm, and to
exclude lsame (which is a Lapack auxiliary function and ...
declared in <R_ext/Lapack.h>). It also includes the double
complex routines added for this release of R provided Fo...
doublecomplex is usable on the platform.
o <R_ext/BLAS.h> and <R_ext/Lapack.h> now declare all...
points as 'extern'.
o The flag SAFE_FFLAGS is made available to packages ...
etc/Makeconf and R CMD config. It can be used where
optimization needs to be defeated, e.g. in LAPACK setup.
o getNativeSymbolInfo has a withRegistrationInfo argu...
causes the address field to be a reference to the regist...
information if it is available for that symbol. If the
registration information is not available, the address i...
reference to the native symbol. The default is FALSE whi...
backward compatible, returning just the address of the s...
and ignoring registration information.
o errorcall and warningcall are now declared in <Rint...
(they might be needed in front-ends).
o R_FlushConsole and R_ProcessEvents are now declared...
o The R_Sock* functions supporting socket connections...
longer declared in R-ftp-http.h as they are not loaded i...
itself, and are now hidden in the module's DLL on suitab...
*バグフィックス
o Quoted arguments to the R script after --args are now
passed quoted to the R executable and so will be shown as
expected by commandArgs(). (They were previously split at
whitespace even inside quotes on Unix-alikes but not on
Windows.)
o axis() now supports pars 'xaxp'/'yaxp' as inline ar...
o sort() now does not return inappropriate attributes...
"dim" and "tsp": it only returns names.
sort(x, partial=) no longer returns unsorted names, and ...
names (since it is supplied for efficiency).
o Use of non-central F in pf() gives accurate values ...
o R CMD build --binary does a better job of cleaning ...
failure to re-make vignettes.
o reg-test-1.R tested system(intern=TRUE) which depen...
and so is not supported on all platforms.
o Changed apparent mis-spelling of "Gibraltar" in dat...
o sysconf() is now used to find the number of clock t...
under some circumstances glibc reported CLK_TCK = 60 whe...
true value was 100.
o identical() was not allowing for embedded nuls in c...
strings. (NB: the comparison operators including == do n...
and never will.)
o The profile() and profiler() methods for "nls" obje...
support algorithm = "plinear" and algorithm = "port".
o The signal handlers for signals USR1 and USR2 where...
restored if the signal arrived when interrupts were susp...
o Certain combinations of S4 inheritance could cause ...
methods to override some directly specified methods.
o Some cases of named signatures in calls to setMetho...
o all.equal() is now more consistent and "picky" abou...
attributes, in particular names(); this is a part of the
propositions by Andy Piskorkski (PR#8191).
o load() when applied to a connection leaves it open/...
found it, and checks explicitly for having a binary read...
connection.
o The p-values given by stat.anova() (called from sev...
anova() methods) are now NA (rather than spurious) if
non-nested models give rise to changes in deviance with a
different sign from changes in degrees of freedom.
o Built-ins were reported as the relevant call in C-l...
iff R profiling was in progress. Now they are never rep...
o Too-long signatures (with no names) were not being ...
in setMethod().
o Slot names in prototype() are being more thoroughly...
o signif() is more likely to follow the 'round to eve...
exactly representable numbers, e.g. signif(0.25, 1). (R...
to PR#8452.)
o nls() now works correctly with some low-dimensional...
e.g. with one or zero non-linear parameters.
o glm() could give an inappropriate error message if ...
possible coefficients were invalid (e.g. a log-linear bi...
model with no intercept and a not all positive predictor).
o solve() gives clearer error messages for some incor...
(PR#8494 and similar)
o The gaussian() family was missing the 'valideta' co...
(which could be needed for the "inverse" link function).
The starting values supplied by the gaussian family coul...
invalid for the "log" and "inverse" link functions. Thi...
now reported.
o data.matrix() did not work correctly on zero-row da...
(PR#8496 and other problems.)
o The DSC comments in the files from postscript(onefi...
label all files as having page 1 of 1, as some other sof...
seems to expect that.
o The axis labels chosen for logarithmic axis are now...
likely to be linear and inappropriate (when the range is...
than 10 and less than 100). (PR#1235)
o Staircase lines (types "s" and "S") are now drawn
continuously rather than a point at a time and so line t...
mitring and so on work. (PR#2630)
o Calling par(mfg) before doing any plotting resulted...
never being called on the device, which in turn resulted...
incorrect output for postcript() and pdf() devices. (Re...
by Marc Schwartz in discussion of the non-bug PR#7820.)
o terms.formula needed to add parentheses to formulae...
terms containing '|'. (PR#8462)
o pbirthday() and qbirthday() now also work for very ...
events {those you are typically *not* interested in}.
o Only source help files starting with an upper- or l...
letter or digit and extension .Rd or .rd are documented ...
processed. This is more liberal in that starting with a...
is now also allowed, but rule is now enforced.
o nls(algorthm="port") was always taking positive num...
differences and so could exceed the upper bounds.
o methods:::.asEnvironmentPackage() was not allowing ...
versioned installs.
o .find.package() now reports which package(s) it can...
the case it stops with an error.
o The standard Unix-alike version of file.show() give...
informative message if it cannot open a file rather than...
(possibly incorrect) 'NO FILE'.
o window() did not allow non-overlapping ranges with
extend = TRUE. (PR#8545)
o pbinom(size = 0) now returns correct values (not Na...
o [dp]binom(x, *) for x < 0 now always returns 0. (PR...
analogous change in pgeom(), pnbinom() and ppois().
o [dqpr]geom and [dpqr]nbinom() now all consistently ...
but not prob = 0. qgeom(prob=1) now gives the correct v...
(not -1).
o INSTALL on Unix-alikes was not loading dependent pa...
preparing for lazy-loading.
o qcauchy(1) now gives +Inf instead of just a very la...
o df(0, f1, *) now properly returns Inf, 1, or 0 for ...
o qbinom(), qnbinom() and qpois() now use a better se...
normally reach the answer very quickly when it is large
(instead of being slow or infinite-looping).
o pt(x, df) lost accuracy in the far tails (when |x| ...
small df (like df = 0.001 for which such extremes are no...
o dbeta(x, a, b) underflowed internally and incorrect...
for very small x and a.
o None of the warnings about convergence failures or ...
precision in nmath (distribution and special functions) ...
being reported to the R user.
o dnt was missing from standalone nmath (under Unix-a...
o split() now accepts factors with numeric (but not s...
integer) codes.
o The utilities such as 'check' now report active ver...
again, as SVN 'last changed revision' numbers.
o addmargins() did not accept a name for 'FUN', only ...
o '+' for POSIXt objects now takes the tzone from whi...
object has it, so date+x is the same as x+date if x is n...
o mean.default() and var() compute means with an addi...
and so are often more accurate, e.g. the variance of a
constant vector is (almost) always zero and the mean of ...
vector will be equal to the constant value to machine
precision. (PR#1228)
sum(), prod(), mean(), rowSums() and friends use a long ...
accumulator where available and so may be more accurate....
is particularly helpful on systems such as Sparc and AMD64
where long double gives considerably greater exponent ra...
and precision than double.)
o read.dcf() now gives a warning on malformed lines.
o add1.[g]lm now try harder to use the environment of...
formula in the orginal fit to look for objects such as the
'data' and 'subset' arguments.
o gaussian()$aic was inconsistent with e.g. the lm re...
AIC() and extractAIC() for weighted fits: it treated the...
as case weights and not variance factors.
o system() on Unix-alikes ignored non-logical values ...
treated 'intern = NA' as true.
o as.table() now produces non-NA rownames when conver...
matrix of more than 26 rows. (PR#8652)
o Partial sorting used an algorithm that was intended...
few values of 'partial' and so could be far slower than ...
sort. It now switches to a barebones full sort for more...
10 values of 'partial' and uses a more efficient recursive
implementation for 2...10.
o summary.glm() returned an estimate of dispersion of...
gaussian glm with zero residual degrees of freedom and t...
treated that as a known value. It now uses the estimate ...
which is consistent with summary.lm().
o Sys.sleep() on Unix-alikes was restricted to about ...
and otherwise might never have returned. (PR#8678)
o is(obj, Cl) could wrongly report TRUE when Cl was a...
multiple inheritance was involved.
o confint[.lm / .default] used label "100 %" for leve...
o Empty entries (i.e., extraneous ",") in NAMESPACE f...
a better error message early at parsing time instead of ...
comprehensible one later at load time.
o all.equal(n1, n2) could erroneously return NA when ...
contained large integers.
o anova.mlm() didn't handle multi-df effects properly...
single-model case (PR#8679)
o anova.mlm() had its colnames mangled by data.frame(...
check.names=FALSE).
o summary.glm() gave an NA estimate of dispersion for...
zero weights. (PR#8720)
o qhyper() had too small a tolerance for right-contin...
some platforms so was not always an inverse to phyper().
o rownames<-.data.frame() and dimnames<-.data.frame()...
length(s) of the replacement value(s) before coercion, w...
can change the length (e.g. for class "POSIXlt").
o max() and min() ignored the largest/smallest repres...
integer, as well as Inf/-Inf. (PR#8731)
o write.table() assumed factors had integer codes: it...
malformed factors with numeric codes (and otherwise thro...
error).
o Worked around a Solaris restriction which meant that
Sys.sleep() was only effective for times of up to one se...
o sink(, split=TRUE) now works correctly, but is al...
platforms that support va_copy or __va_copy. (PR...
o factanal(), prcomp() and princomp() now only check ...
in the model frame that will be used are numeric (they
previously also checked columns which were part of negat...
in the formula).
o Misuse of $ in apply could corrupt memory. (PR#8...
o apply() could fail if the function returned NULL (e...
there was a single row).
o registerS3method() failed due to a typo. (It was al...
used.)
o Registering an S3 method for an S3 generic in anoth...
that was converted to an S4 generic in the same package ...
S3 method, registered the method in the wrong place.
o Recall() used lookup for the function in use and so...
if that was an S3 method not on the search path.
o Rdconv -t Ssgm failed if it encountered \link[opt]{...
o uniroot() did not give a warning (as documented) if...
to converge in 'maxiter' steps. (PR#8751)
o eapply (and as.list.environment) did not work for t...
environment/namespace. (PR#8761)
o Added protection in configure against systems for w...
xmkmf fails to eport a C or C++ compiler.
o expand.grid() was constructing a data frame 'by han...
setting integer row.names (which are documented to be
character). It now sets character row names, and
row.names.data.frame() coerces to character.
o qbeta() used == on volatile doubles for its converg...
which failed with gcc 3.3.x on ix86 Linux. We now use a...
fragile test (and lose a negligible amount of accuracy).
o ls.str() was missing inherits=FALSE, and so could h...
reported on an object of the same name but a different m...
the enclosure of the given environment.
o logLik.nls assumed that sigma^2 had been estimated,...
not count this in the 'df' attribute.
// EOF
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